About Vaginal Cancer
Vaginal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the vagina. The vagina is the canal leading from the cervix (the opening of uterus) to the outside of the body.
Types of Vaginal Cancers
Vaginal cancer is not common. There are two main types of vaginal cancer:
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Adenocarcinoma
Cancer that begins in glandular (secretory) cells. Glandular cells in the lining of the vagina make and release fluids such as mucus. Adenocarcinoma is more likely than squamous cell cancer to spread to the lungs and lymph nodes. A rare type of adenocarcinoma is linked to being exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) before birth. Adenocarcinomas that are not linked with being exposed to DES are most common in women after menopause.
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cancer that forms in squamous cells, the thin, flat cells lining the vagina. Squamous cell vaginal cancer spreads slowly and usually stays near the vagina, but may spread to the lungs, liver or bone. This is the most common type of vaginal cancer.
Symptoms and Risk Factors for Vaginal Cancer
Vaginal cancer often does not cause early signs or symptoms. It may be found during a routine pelvic exam and Pap test. Signs and symptoms may be caused by vaginal cancer or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have any of the following:
- Lump in the vagina
- Bleeding (not related to menstrual periods)
- Discharge (not related to menstrual periods)
- Pelvic pain
- Constipation
- Pain during sexual intercourse
- Pain when urinating
Risk factors for vaginal cancer include the following:
- Being aged 60 or older
- Being exposed to DES (diethylstilbestrol) while in the mother's womb
- Having a history of abnormal cells in the cervix or cervical cancer
- Having a history of abnormal cells in the uterus or cancer of the uterus
- Having a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
- Having had a hysterectomy for health problems that affect the uterus
Vaginal Cancer Experts Who Put You First
Rest assured that the specialized cancer care you need is close to home. Our experienced oncologists treat all types of vaginal cancer, including adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and will design a well-rounded treatment plan to help you heal physically, mentally and spiritually.
Find Us in Your Community
Across the nation, each of our locations offering cancer treatment contributes to the strength of the AdventHealth Cancer Institute network. Explore your options for care close to home with the guidance of our dedicated team. We’ll help you find the right fit, so you’re in the best setting to get the care you need.