Lymphoma

About Lymphoma

Cancer education counts, and we're here to help you understand what to know about cancers like lymphoma. Lymphoma is a cancer that starts in cells that are part of the body's immune system.

There are several subtypes of lymphoma, and knowing which type you have is especially important because it affects your treatment options and your prognosis. Explore the different lymphoma types, symptoms and risk factors below to learn more.

Types, Symptoms and Risk Factors of Lymphoma

Types

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma (Hodgkin disease) is a cancer that starts in white blood cells called lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are part of the body’s immune system.

Lymphoma of the Skin

Lymphoma is a cancer that starts in cells that are part of the body's immune system. Rare lymphomas that start in the skin are called skin lymphomas (or cutaneous lymphomas).

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Adults

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (sometimes called NHL, or just lymphoma) is a cancer that starts in cells called lymphocytes, which are part of the body’s immune system.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children

Childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma is not common, but it can occur. This cancer grows in the immune system's lymphocyte cells.

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The cancer cells make large amounts of an abnormal protein called a macroglobulin.

Symptoms

Symptoms vary by type of lymphoma. Some cases of lymphoma aren’t discovered until a blood test is performed for another reason. But general symptoms may include:

  • Easy bruising or bleeding
  • Enlarged lymph nodes or lumps under the skin
  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Severe or frequent infections
  • Weight loss

Skin lymphomas may also have:

  • Papules (small, pimple-like lesions)
  • Patches (flat lesions)
  • Plaques (thick, raised or lowered lesions)
  • Nodules or tumors (larger lumps or bumps under the skin)
Risk Factors

Risk factors vary by type of lymphoma, but general causes may include:

  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Exposure to high levels of radiation
  • Exposure to certain chemicals, including benzene
  • Family history

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