Don't Wait, Get Screened for Colon Cancer Today

Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and in the U.S., it ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. However, as Navya Kanuri, MD, a Gastroenterologist with Baylor Scott and White at AdventHealth Central Texas, emphasizes, "With early detection and treatment, survival rates are significantly improved."

Interestingly, colon cancer rates among people under 50 have been increasing over the past few decades. Dr. Kanuri notes that the exact reasons are unclear but suggests potential factors such as changes in diet, obesity, sedentary lifestyles, gut microbiome imbalances, and possibly environmental exposures. "It's crucial to understand that lifestyle choices play a significant role in our health," she adds.

Common risk factors for colon cancer include a family history of colon cancer or polyps, a diet high in red and processed meats, low fiber intake, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. Early-stage colon cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms, but signs to watch for include persistent changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool or rectal bleeding, unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, fatigue, and a feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely. Dr. Kanuri advises, "If you notice any of these symptoms, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional promptly."

Polyps, which are abnormal growths in the lining of the colon, are very common, especially as people age. While most polyps are benign, some can develop into cancer over time. Dr. Kanuri advises that not all polyps turn into cancer, but certain types have a higher risk. If polyps are found, your doctor will determine a follow-up schedule based on the type, number, and size of the polyps. "Regular screenings can help detect polyps early and prevent them from developing into cancer," she explains.

The recommended age for average-risk individuals to begin screening for colon cancer is 45. However, if you have a family history of colon cancer, you may need to start earlier. Screening frequency depends on the test used and findings from previous screenings. Various screening options are available, including colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT), guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (gFOBT), stool DNA test, CT colonography, and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Dr. Kanuri emphasizes, "Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard as it allows for detection and removal of polyps during the procedure."

An open-access colonoscopy program at AdventHealth Central Texas allows patients to schedule a colonoscopy without a prior consultation, making screening more convenient and increasing participation. This program streamlines the screening process by allowing eligible patients to directly schedule a colonoscopy without a pre-visit to a gastroenterologist, reducing wait times and improving access. Dr. Kanuri highlights, "This initiative is designed to make it easier for patients to get screened, ultimately helping to reduce the risk of colon cancer through early detection and prevention."

Preparation for a colonoscopy typically includes dietary changes, bowel prep with laxatives, the procedure itself, and a recovery period. Dr. Kanuri also highlights the importance of lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of developing colon cancer, such as eating a diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables, reducing consumption of red and processed meats, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, and getting regular screenings. "Making these changes can significantly lower your risk and improve your overall health," she advises.

Family history significantly impacts the risk of colon cancer. Having a first-degree relative with colon cancer increases your risk, and if multiple family members have had colon cancer, genetic testing for conditions like Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) may be recommended. Dr. Kanuri explains, "Genetic testing can provide valuable information and help guide your screening and prevention strategies."

Supporting a loved one diagnosed with colon cancer involves providing emotional support, encouraging screenings and treatment adherence, helping with daily tasks, advocating for their needs, and joining a support group. Dr. Kanuri stresses that early detection is key, as survival rates are significantly higher when colon cancer is found early. Screening saves lives, and even younger adults should not ignore symptoms, as persistent symptoms should be checked regardless of age. "Remember, early detection and proactive measures can make a significant difference in outcomes," she adds.

Our Gastroenterology team at AdventHealth Central Texas is here to help keep you healthy and safe during your time with us. For more information about our open-access program or to schedule an appointment, call Call254-519-8811.

This program is designed to make it easier for patients to get screened, ultimately helping to reduce the risk of colon cancer through early detection and prevention.