Understanding Hernias and Finding the Right Care

If you’ve ever noticed a new bulge in your abdomen or groin (especially one that becomes more noticeable when you stand, cough or lift), it could be a hernia. Hernias are common, affecting millions of people each year, but some can be more complex than others. Knowing the type of hernia you have and your treatment options is the first step toward feeling like yourself again.

Our board-certified general surgeon, Jared Funston, MD, FACS, specializes in advanced abdominal wall and complex hernia repair, including hiatal hernias, recurrent hernias and many less common hernia types that often require specialized expertise. He offers guidance to help you better understand the different types of hernias and when to seek care.

Understanding Hernia Basics

A hernia happens when tissue pushes through a weak area in the muscle, often in the abdominal wall or groin.

You may notice:

• A visible bulge or lump
• Discomfort or pressure
• Pain that worsens with activity, coughing or lifting

While some hernias remain small and manageable, others can grow or lead to complications, making timely evaluation important. “Hernia care isn’t one-size-fits-all,” says Dr. Funston. “Our goal is to understand what you’re experiencing and build a plan that helps you feel confident moving forward.”

Even if your symptoms are mild, it's always a good idea to seek care to avoid potentially more serious issues later on. “People often put off care because they think it’s not serious yet,” Dr. Funston explains. “But listening to your body early can make a meaningful difference in how simple and effective treatment can be.”

Types of Hernias We Treat

Hernias can occur in several areas of the body. Understanding the types and terms can help guide your treatment.

Inguinal Hernias (Groin Hernias)

Inguinal hernias are the most common and occur in the groin. You may notice a bulge that comes and goes or becomes more noticeable when you stand or strain.

Umbilical Hernias (Belly Button)

Umbilical hernias develop near the belly button when tissue pushes through a natural opening in the abdominal wall. While often small, they can become more noticeable or uncomfortable over time, especially in adults.

Incisional Hernias (After Surgery)

Incisional hernias form at the site of a previous abdominal surgery. Because the area has already healed once, the scar tissue isn't as strong as the original muscle.

Ventral Hernias (Abdominal Wall)

Ventral hernia is a broad term that includes hernias along the front of the abdomen, including umbilical and incisional hernias. They can vary widely in size and severity, from small defects to large abdominal wall reconstructions.

Hiatal Hernias (Entirely Internal)

Unlike other hernias, hiatal hernias don’t cause a visible bulge on the outside of your body. Hiatal hernias occur when part of the stomach moves through the diaphragm into the chest, causing symptoms like heartburn, reflux or difficulty swallowing.

Recurrent Hernias

If a hernia comes back after repair, it’s known as a recurrent hernia. These cases are often more complex due to scar tissue and prior repairs.

“Recurrent hernias require careful planning,” says Dr. Funston. “We take a precision-based approach to create a stronger, more durable repair that helps reduce the risk of it coming back again.”

Advanced Surgical Options for Hernias

Not all hernia repairs are the same. Some are straightforward, while others require more advanced, specialized care. A hernia may be more complex if it:

• Developed after prior surgery
• Causes ongoing pain or limits daily activity
• Has come back after a previous repair
• Is larger or continues to grow

“More complex hernias often need a more tailored approach,” says Dr. Funston. “That’s where advanced techniques and experience can make a meaningful difference.”

Our specialists use a range of techniques to match each patient’s needs and goals:

• Laparoscopic surgery with smaller incisions and faster recovery
• Open repair for larger or more complex hernias
• Robotic-assisted surgery for enhanced precision and flexibility

“Technology allows us to be more precise and thoughtful in how we repair hernias,” says Dr. Funston. “But what matters most is choosing the approach that works best for your unique needs. The goal is always a strong repair and a smooth recovery.”

When to Seek Care for a Hernia

Hernias don’t go away on their own, and over time, they may grow or become more uncomfortable. In some cases, complications can require urgent medical attention.

Consider seeking care if you experience:

• A persistent or enlarging bulge
• Nausea
• Pain or pressure that limits daily activities
• Symptoms that worsen with lifting or straining

For more complex or recurrent hernias, working with a surgeon experienced in multiple repair techniques can help ensure the best approach for your specific needs. “You don’t have to live with hernia pain or uncertainty,” says Dr. Funston. “We’re here to help you understand your options and move forward with confidence.”

Take the Next Step Toward Relief

Living with a hernia can affect more than just your physical health. It can change how you move, how you work and how you enjoy time with the people you love. The good news is that effective, personalized care is available. If you think you may have a hernia or you’re ready to explore your treatment options, schedule a consultation with Dr. Funston. Getting answers can help you find relief and feel more like your best self.