Flu vs. RSV vs. a Cold: How To Tell the Difference

If you have a runny nose, cough or sore throat, it can be hard to know whether you have a cold, the flu or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). These illnesses share many symptoms, and symptoms alone can't always identify the virus causing them. Still, the way symptoms begin and which symptoms stand out can offer clues.

Keep reading to learn how flu, RSV and cold symptoms compare, when testing may help and when to seek care.

Flu, RSV and Cold Symptoms at a Glance

Here's a side-by-side look at the symptoms most often linked to flu, RSV and the common cold:

• Common cold: Runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat and cough. Symptoms are usually gradual and relatively mild.
• Flu: Fever or chills, body aches, headache, fatigue and cough. Symptoms often begin suddenly and feel more intense.
• RSV: Runny nose, congestion, cough, sneezing, fever and sometimes wheezing. Symptoms often develop in stages.

Remember, symptoms can vary from person to person, and not everyone will experience the same signs of illness. If you're unsure what's causing your symptoms or if they aren't improving, connecting with your primary care physician can help you get the answers and support you need.

What Are RSV Symptoms in Adults?

While RSV symptoms are often a serious concern for babies and young children, many adults experience mild or no symptoms. If they do have symptoms, adults with RSV may experience:

• Cough
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Headache
• Runny nose or nasal congestion
• Sneezing
• Sore throat
• Wheezing

RSV symptoms in adults typically improve within a week or two, but the illness can be more serious for older adults and people with chronic heart or lung conditions or a weakened immune system. Additionally, RSV can worsen conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

How Is RSV Different From the Flu?

The biggest clue is often the intensity and timing of symptoms. Flu commonly comes on abruptly and may cause fever, chills, body aches, headache and tiredness. RSV more often starts with upper-respiratory symptoms such as congestion, a runny nose and cough, although it can also cause fever, wheezing or breathing problems.

There is overlap, so it can be difficult to reliably tell whether you have RSV or flu by symptoms alone. Testing may be needed, especially when the result could affect your treatment or necessary health precautions. A healthcare clinician can recommend testing based on your symptoms, health history and risk of complications.

How Is a Cold Different From RSV or Flu?

When it comes to the common cold, symptoms are typically centered on the upper respiratory tract, including a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, a sore throat and a cough. Adults often have no fever or only a low one, and symptoms are usually milder than those of the flu. A cold can last about 10 to 14 days, gradually improving over that time.

RSV can look much like a cold, but can sometimes progress to affect the lower airways, particularly for people at higher risk. Flu is more likely to cause a sudden onset, fever, chills and more severe body aches. Every person's experience is different, so paying attention to your symptoms and seeking care when needed can help you get the support that's right for you.

When to Seek Help

Contact your doctor or visit your local urgent care if your symptoms are worsening, you have a condition that raises your risk of complications or you’re concerned about your illness. Ask about testing promptly if you may have the flu and are at higher risk of complications, because some treatments work best when started early.

Always seek emergency medical care for trouble breathing or shortness of breath, persistent chest or abdominal pain or pressure, confusion, severe weakness, seizures, not urinating, or symptoms that improve and then return or worsen.

How Can You Feel Better While You Recover From RSV, Flu or a Cold?

The key to recovery is slowing down and taking care of yourself. Rest, drink enough fluids and follow the directions on any over-the-counter medicine you use. If you're older or take prescription medicines, ask a doctor or pharmacist before using an over-the-counter product or supplement. Some medicines can raise blood pressure or interact with prescription medicines.

Stay home when you're sick and take steps to reduce spread, such as covering coughs and sneezes, washing your hands and improving indoor air when possible.

Whole-Person Care at AdventHealth

When you're not feeling your best, knowing what symptoms to watch for can help you make informed decisions about your health. No matter what you're experiencing, we're here to provide the compassionate care and expert guidance you need to feel whole. Learn more about our infectious disease care.